Flood Forecasting and Warning Services in general

An exact and early Flood Forecasting allows accordant early warning of persons concerned as much as the establishment of necessary measures (see Flood Protection, Evacuation and Rescue Plans). Therefore, it can make an important contribution to avoid damage. Flood Forecasting is in most cases based on extensive numerical modelling which is created with hydrological and hydraulic models of different complexities. Depending on the local situation and available database, different input data was used e.g.:

• data of precipitation (current and forecasted)
• information about snow-melt, ice
• current water level at gauge stations in concerned water (river, lake, sea (tidal effects), groundwater)

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