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Ethambutol

MCE China：Ethambutol

Brand：MedChemExpress (MCE)

Cat. No.HY-B0535

CAS：74-55-5

Purity：98.0%

Storage：Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month

Shipping：Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Description：Ethambutol is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial agent, which obstructs the formation of cell wall by inhibiting arabinosyl transferases.

In Vivo：.f12{ font-size: 12px; } .fwb{ font-weight: bold; } .lh22{ line-height: 22px;; } .lh23 { line-height: 23px; } .pl13{ padding-left: 13px;; } .part { margin-top: 18px; } .mold-first-tit { width: 100%; height: 44px; line-height: 44px; background: #F9F7FB; border-bottom: 1px solid #EBE4F6; padding-left: 16px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 17px; } .mold-second-tit:before { content:; width: 6px; height: 6px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,102,0,0.4); margin-right: 12px; position: relative; top: -3px; } .lft-border { border-left: 1px dotted #EBE4F6; padding-right: 12px; margin-left: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 12px; } /* .part .dec:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } */ .dec { margin: 10px 15px 0; padding-bottom: 10px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .btm-border { border-left: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .text-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFBF1; padding: 14px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFDF7; padding: 12px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note { width: 51px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; background: #FFE2AA; text-align: center; border-radius: 0 0 8px 0; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .text-note-dec { margin-top: 15px;; } Induction of Hyperuricaemic Disease[4][5] Background Elevated uric acid levels can lead to crystal deposition and may cause gout, urolithiasis, and urate nephropathy. Ethambutol can cause increased uric acid levels by reducing renal uric acid clearance, ultimately leading to hyperuricemia[4][5]. Specific Mmodeling Methods Rat[4]: male • Wistar rats • SPF • 200-220 gAdministrtion: 250 mg/kg • intragastric administration • once daily for 23 days Note Modeling Record Pathological changes: Pathological damage and inflammatory reaction in the thymus and spleen; thymus atrophy, cortical medullary fusion; splenic sinus congestion, with iron yellow deposition. Physiological changes: serum uric acid level ↑; sparse cells, increased number of tissue cells, and decreased number of lymphocytes. Molecular changes: URAT1 level ↑, OAT1 level ↓ in kidney homogenate. Correlated Product(s): Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors .f12{ font-size: 12px; } .fwb{ font-weight: bold; } .lh22{ line-height: 22px;; } .lh23 { line-height: 23px; } .pl13{ padding-left: 13px;; } .part { margin-top: 18px; } .mold-first-tit { width: 100%; height: 44px; line-height: 44px; background: #F9F7FB; border-bottom: 1px solid #EBE4F6; padding-left: 16px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 17px; } .mold-second-tit:before { content:; width: 6px; height: 6px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,102,0,0.4); margin-right: 12px; position: relative; top: -3px; } .lft-border { border-left: 1px dotted #EBE4F6; padding-right: 12px; margin-left: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 12px; } /* .part .dec:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } */ .dec { margin: 10px 15px 0; padding-bottom: 10px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .btm-border { border-left: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .text-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFBF1; padding: 14px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFDF7; padding: 12px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note { width: 51px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; background: #FFE2AA; text-align: center; border-radius: 0 0 8px 0; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .text-note-dec { margin-top: 15px;; } Induction of Optic Neuropathy[6] Background Ethambutol treatment can cause binocular toxicity at certain doses and durations. There is currently no clear treatment to prevent damage to retinal neuronal cells in cases of ethhambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON). Specific Mmodeling Methods Rat[6]: Wistar rats • Administration: 35 mg/kg/day &bull po for 30 days Note Modeling Record Molecular changes: Bcl-2, Caspase-3 expression levels ↑. Pathological indicators: Ganglion cell damage, increased density of retinal ganglion cells (RGC); RGC cell layer thickened due to vacuoles formed in the ganglion cell cytoplasm. Correlated Product(s): Citicoline (HY-B0739)

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References：

[1]. Ethambutol. Tuberculosis (Edinb), 2008. 88(2): p. 102-5.  [Content Brief]

[2]. Rastogi, N., V. Labrousse, and K.S. Goh, In vitro activities of fourteen antimicrobial agents against drug susceptible and resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and comparative intracellular activities against the virulent H37Rv strain in human macrophages. Curr Microbiol, 1996. 33(3): p. 167-75.  [Content Brief]

[3]. Kaur, D. and G.K. Khuller, In vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo activities of ethambutol and sparfloxacin alone and in combination against mycobacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2001. 17(1): p. 51-5.  [Content Brief]

[4]. Kang L, Miao JX, Cao LH, Miao YY, Miao MS, Liu HJ, Xiang LL, Song YG. Total glucosides of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) flower attenuate adenine- and ethambutol-induced hyperuricaemia in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Oct 28;261:113054.  [Content Brief]

[5]. Pham AQ, Doan A, Andersen M. Pyrazinamide-induced hyperuricemia. P T. 2014 Oct;39(10):695-715.  [Content Brief]

[6]. Nusanti S, Sari RI, Siregar NC, Sidik M. The Effect of Citicoline on Ethambutol Optic Neuropathy: Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Retina Ganglion Cell Damage Level in Rat Model. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Oct;38(8):584-589.  [Content Brief]