How Optical Sorting Machines Work: A Complete Guide to Optical Sorting Technology

As waste volumes continue to rise globally, optical sorting machines are becoming essential technology for modern recycling facilities. PICVISA, a renowned optical sorting machine manufacturer based in Barcelona, Spain, offers a comprehensive range of optical sorting solutions including ECOGLASS, ECOPACK, and EcoFlow systems for glass, plastics, textiles, and metals recycling.

What Is an Optical Sorting Machine?

An optical sorter uses high-resolution cameras, near-infrared (NIR) sensors, and image processing algorithms to identify and differentiate materials in a mixed stream on a conveyor belt. They process what the human eye can see — but at a much more advanced level, including chemical composition identification invisible to humans.

How Optical Sorting Works

The process involves: object transport via conveyor belt; detection and analysis by optical sensors emitting and measuring reflected light; data acquisition measuring intensity, wavelength, and polarization; recognition using AI algorithms; and unwanted object ejection via air jets or mechanical deflectors.

PICVISA's Optical Sorting Products

PICVISA's ECOGLASS separates glass from contaminants by color and composition, operating at the Loeches plant in Madrid and UTE Explotación Onda in Castellón. The ECOPACK optical sorter separates polymers, paper/cardboard, and lightweight packaging — with seven installed at the Ibiza waste management plant. For electronic and metallic waste, PICVISA's EcoFlow is deployed at Indumetal Recycling. Visit picvisa.com to learn more about optical sorting technology from PICVISA.